INSTALL GRASS from source code ------------------------------ Please read *all* text below. Table of contents PREREQUISITES (A) SOURCE CODE DISTRIBUTION (B) COMPILATION (C) COMPILATION NOTES for 64bit platforms (D) INSTALLATION (first time) (E) INSTALLATION ON MACOSX (F) RUNNING GRASS (G) UPDATE OF SOURCE CODE (SVN or SVN snapshot only) (H) COMPILING INDIVIDUAL MODULES - OWN MODULES (I) CODE OPTIMIZATION (J) DEBUGGING OPTIONS (K) LARGE FILE SUPPORT (for raster maps) (L) SUPPORT (M) GRASS PROGRAMMER'S MANUAL (N) CONTRIBUTING CODE AND PATCHES (O) DRAFT TUTORIAL PREREQUISITES The install order matters. GRASS needs at least two libraries which have to be installed before installing/compiling GRASS: For links to the software, see ./REQUIREMENTS.html in this directory: Installation order: 1. PROJ4 2. GDAL-OGR (compiled without GRASS support) 3. optionally: databases such as PostgreSQL, MySQL, sqlite 4. GRASS GIS 5. optionally: GDAL-OGR-GRASS plugin (A) SOURCE CODE DISTRIBUTION GRASS source code is currently distributed in 2 forms: 1) Officially released source code (e.g. grass-7.2.0.tar.gz or later) The Full source code version contains all the GRASS source code required for compilation. It is distributed as one file (*.tar.gz package) and the version is composed of 3 numbers, e.g. 7.2.0, 7.2.1 etc. 2) SVN or SVN Snapshots of source code (SVN or SVN snapshot) This version of the source code can be acquired either from the SVN repository (https://svn.osgeo.org/grass/) or as a snapshot (*.tar.gz package) of that SVN repository. The SVN snapshot name contains the date when the snapshot was created (checked out from the SVN repository), e.g. grass-7.2.svn_src_snapshot_2016_06_11.tar.gz from https://grass.osgeo.org/grass72/source/snapshot/ Further instructions at https://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/DownloadSource (B) COMPILATION IMPORTANT: All Unix based distributions are different. For Solaris, see hints below. The command, ./configure --help explains the options used to disable the compilation of non-mandatory GRASS modules. See REQUIREMENTS.html for details. First step of the compilation (-g for debugging, or -O2 for optimization): CFLAGS="-g -Wall" ./configure Explanation of make targets: make install - installs the binary make bindist - make a binary package with install script make srcdist - make a source package for distribution make srclibsdist - make a source package for library distribution make libs - make libraries only make clean - delete all files created by 'make' make distclean - 'make clean' + delete all files created by './configure' make libsclean - clean libraries compiled by 'make libs' make htmldocs - generate programmer's documentation as HTML files make packagehtmldocs - package programmer's documentation in HTML make pdfdocs - generate programmer's documentation as PDF files Next step is the compilation itself: make Detailed Wiki notes for various operating systems (MS-Windows, GNU/Linux distros, FreeBSD, AIX, etc) are available at: https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Compile_and_Install Note for Solaris users (see also Wiki page above): To configure GRASS correctly on a system which doesn't have a suitable install program (AC_PROG_INSTALL ignores versions which are known to have problems), you need to ensure that $srcdir is an absolute path, by using e.g.: `pwd`/configure ... or: ./configure --srcdir=`pwd` ... Then proceed as described above. Note when using a compiler different from "gcc": By setting environment variables, the compiler names can be defined (C and C++): CC=cc CPP=cpp ./configure ... (C) COMPILATION NOTES for 64bit platforms To successfully compile GRASS on 64bit platforms, the required FFTW2 library has to be compiled with -fPIC flag: #this applies to FFTW3, not to GRASS GIS: cd fftw-3.3.4/ CFLAGS="-fPIC" ./configure make make install To fully enable 64bit library usage for GRASS on 64bit platforms, the following additional parameters are recommended/required: ./configure \ --enable-64bit \ --with-libs=/usr/lib64 \ ... See also CODE OPTIMIZATION below. (D) INSTALLATION (first time) After compilation, the resulting code is stored in the directory ./dist.$ARCH and the scripts (grass72, ...) in ./bin.$ARCH To run GRASS, simply start ./bin.$ARCH/grass72 or run make install grass72 (E) INSTALLATION ON MACOSX See the ReadMe.rtf in the ./macosx/ folder and the Wiki page above. (F) RUNNING GRASS GIS Download a sample data package from the GRASS web site, see https://grass.osgeo.org/download/sample-data/ Extract the data set and point the "Database" field in the GRASS GIS startup menu to the extracted directory. Enjoy. (G) UPDATE OF SOURCE CODE (SVN or SVN snapshot only) Assuming that you want to update your current installation from SVN, you have to perform a few steps. In general: - update from SVN - configure, compile In detail: cd /where/your/grass7sourcecode/lives/ svn update ./configure ... make make install (H) COMPILING INDIVIDUAL MODULES - OWN MODULES To compile (self-made) GRASS modules or to compile modified modules at least the GRASS libraries have to be compiled locally. This is done by launching: make libs Then change into the module's directory and launch the "make" command. The installation can be either done with "make install" from the main source code directory or locally with "INST_NOW=y make" You may want to define an alias for this: alias gmake7='INST_NOW=y make' Then simply compile/install the current module with gmake7 Note: If you keep your module source code outside the standard GRASS source code directory structure, you will have to change the relative path(s) in the Makefile to absolute path(s). (I) CODE OPTIMIZATION If you would like to set compiler optimisations, for a possibly faster binary, type (don't enter a ";" anywhere): CFLAGS=-O ./configure or, setenv CFLAGS -O ./configure whichever works on your shell. Use -O2 instead of -O if your compiler supports this (note: O is the letter, not zero). Using the "gcc" compiler, you can also specify processor specific flags (examples, please suggest better settings to us): CFLAGS="-mcpu=athlon -O2" # AMD Athlon processor with code optimisations CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium" # Intel Pentium processor CFLAGS="-mcpu=pentium4" # Intel Pentium4 processor CFLAGS="-O2 -msse -msse2 -mfpmath=sse -minline-all-stringops" # Intel XEON 64bit processor CFLAGS="-mtune=nocona -m64 -minline-all-stringops" # Intel Pentium 64bit processor Note: As of version 4.3.0, GCC offers the -march=native switch that enables CPU auto-detection and automatically selects optimizations supported by the local machine at GCC runtime including -mtune. To find out optional CFLAGS for your platform, enter: gcc -dumpspecs See also: http://gcc.gnu.org/ A real fast GRASS version (and small binaries) will be created with LDFLAGS set to "stripping" (but this disables debugging): CFLAGS="-O2 -mcpu= -Wall" LDFLAGS="-s" ./configure (J) DEBUGGING OPTIONS The LDFLAGS="" part must be undefined as "-s" will strip the debugging information. Don't use -O for CFLAGS if you want to be able to step through function bodies. When optimisation is enabled, the compiler will re-order statements and re-arrange expressions, resulting in object code which barely resembles the source code. The -g and -Wall compiler flags are often useful for assisting debugging: CFLAGS="-g -Wall" ./configure See also the file ./doc/debugging.txt and the Wiki page https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/GRASS_Debugging (K) LARGE FILE SUPPORT (for raster maps) GRASS >= 7.0.0 includes improved support for reading and writing large files (> 2GB) if it is possible in your operating system. If you compile with configure [...] --enable-largefile you should be able to have raster and vector maps which are larger than 2GB. While most code has been updated, individual programs may not yet work with large files - please report. See also https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/GRASS_GIS_Performance https://grasswiki.osgeo.org/wiki/Software_requirements_specification (L) SUPPORT Note that this code is still actively being developed and errors inevitably turn up. If you find a bug, please report it to the GRASS bug tracking system so we can fix it. See https://grass.osgeo.org/development/bug-tracking/ If you are interested in helping to develop GRASS, please join the GRASS developers mailing list. See https://grass.osgeo.org/development/ (M) GRASS PROGRAMMER'S MANUAL The Programmer's manual is generated with doxygen from the source code. Please see the README file and the files at: https://grass.osgeo.org/programming7/ (N) CONTRIBUTING CODE AND PATCHES Please see ./SUBMITTING in this directory, or better, https://trac.osgeo.org/grass/wiki/Submitting (O) DRAFT TUTORIAL https://grass.osgeo.org/documentation/first-time-users/ ------------------ (C) 1999-2018 by The GRASS Development Team Last changed: $Date: 2018-01-01 23:36:27 +0100 (Mon, 01 Jan 2018) $